THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA, ADVANCED CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

122/1ENGLISH LANGUAGE 1

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Time: 3 Hours Tuesday, 08^th May 2018 p.m.

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A, B, C and D with a total of nine (9) questions.
2. Answer five (5) questions, choosing one (1) question from each section. Question one (1) is compulsory.
3. Cellular phones and any unauthorised materials are not allowed in the examination room.
4. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).

SECTION A (40 Marks) : INTRODUCTION TO LANGUAGE

Answer question one (1) and any other from this section.

1. (a) Giving relevant examples, describe the five inter-related components of linguistic competence.

(b) Explain and exemplify each of the following functions of language:

1. Phatic function
2. Expressive function
3. Regulatory function
4. Identifying function
5. Performative function

2. Use eight points to validate the argument that English Language is a better positioned medium of instruction than Kiswahili in the Tanzania’s Secondary Education.

3. Using six points, justify the statement that the dominant use of Kiswahili as the national and official language in Tanzania is gradually “killing” the vernacular languages in the country.

SECTION B (20 Marks) : LANGUAGE SKILLS

Answer one (1) question from this section.

4. (a) Describe five features associated with the articulation of a stressed syllable in English Language.

(b) Divide the following words into their syllables using a dash (-), keeping them in their normal spelling and then mark stress by underlining the syllable on which the primary stress falls.

1. forget
2. modest
3. jealous
4. leopard
5. himself

5. (a) Give five reasons for making in-text citations in academic writing using APA style.

(b) Re-arrange the following jumbled entries for the five reference books so as to be in an acceptable APA style:

1. Oxford: Fundamental Concepts of Language Teaching. (1983). Oxford University Press. Stern, H. H.
2. A Reference Grammar for Students of English. London: Close, R. A. Longman. (1975).
3. Radford, A. Transformational Grammar. Cambridge: (1988). Cambridge University Press.
4. Edward Arnold. (1972). London: Wilkins, D. A. Linguistics in Language Teaching.
5. (1964). Hymes, D. New York: Harper and Row. Language in Culture and Society.

SECTION C (20 Marks) : WORD FORMATION

Answer one (1) question from this section.

6. (a) Using relevant examples, differentiate the following word formation processes:

1. Borrowing and coining
2. Clipping and acronymy
3. Blending and compounding
4. Affixation and back formation
5. Reduplication and onomatopoeia

(b) Make two different sentences for each of the following words, using it as a noun in one sentence and as a verb in another sentence:

Example: We export coffee to America. (verb)
Coffee is our export to America. (noun)

1. Refund
2. Permit
3. Suspect
4. Address
5. Increase

7. (a) Identify the derivational affixes used in each of the following words and explain their grammatical or semantic functions:

Example: disconnection
-ion changes the verb “connect” to the abstract noun “connection”
dis- changes the meaning of the verb “connect” to “disconnect” which means “do the opposite of”.

1. empowerment
2. ungracious
3. anticlockwise
4. unimpressive
5. decolonize

(b) Identify five words with inflectional morphemes from the following sentence and then give the function of the inflectional morpheme in that particular word.

“The Minister of State in the Vice President’s office has cautioned Meremeta Mining Company Limited over environmental degradation, saying the matter can lead to social calamities in the area it operates”.

SECTION D (20 Marks) : LANGUAGE USE

Answer one (1) question from this section.

8. (a) Provide brief explanations about the translation methods used in the translation of the following sentences from English Language to Kiswahili:

(i) Please lend me your ears.
Naomba mniziame masikio yenu, tafadhali.

(ii) He drinks like hell.
Anakunywa kupindukia.

(iii) Lucy went up to her home.
Lucy alikwenda mpaka nyumbani kwake.

(iv) He was taken to the Central Police Station.
Alipelekwa kwenye Kituo cha Kati cha polisi.

(v) A stitch in time saves nine.
Usipoziba ufa utajenga ukuta.

(b) Translate the following English sentences into Kiswahili Language by considering the structure of the target language:

1. Neema has lived in Tanga for seven years.
2. They were sitting under the mango tree.
3. Time is money.
4. Life without peace is meaningless.
5. Entrepreneurs earn more money than employees.
6. Maganga likes swimming.
7. My mother owns a very big shop in Kigoma.
8. The EAC heads of states met in Arusha last year.
9. My father likes reading the Guardian.
10. Bakari bought a new phone, Samsung Galaxy.

9. (a) Describe five attributes of a skilled language interpreter.

(b) Interpret the following Kiswahili mini-speech into English Language.

Nimekwishasema kwamba mabadiliko ni jambo la kawaida kwa binadamu. Hutokea katika njia zote za maisha. Yapo mabadiliko ya mtu mmoja mmoja na yale ya kijamii kwa ujumla. Pia, kuna mabadiliko ya kisiasa. Kwa mfano, Tanzania ilikuwa nchi yenye mfumo wa chama kimoja miaka kadhaa iliyopita. Lakini hivi leo inafuata mfumo mpya wa kisiasa. Mfumo huu ni wa demokrasia ya vyama vingi vya siasa. Kupitia mfumo huu, vyama vya siasa hushindana kwa sera na itikadi. Chama kinachoungwa mkono na wananchi ndicho hushinda na kupewa dhamana ya kuongoza nchi. Watanzania wenzangu, napenda kuwahakikishia kwamba mabadiliko ya kiuchumi yanafanyika nchini mwetu kwa sasa yana lengo la kuleta maendeleo mwananchi maskini.

THE UNITED REPUBLIC OF TANZANIA NATIONAL EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF TANZANIA, ADVANCED CERTIFICATE OF SECONDARY EDUCATION EXAMINATION

122/2ENGLISH LANGUAGE 2

(For Both School and Private Candidates)

Time: 3 Hours Friday, 11^th May 2018 a.m.

Instructions

1. This paper consists of sections A, B, C and D with a total of nine (9) questions.
2. Answer five (5) questions, choosing one (1) question from each section. Question two (2) is compulsory.
3. Each question carries twenty (20) marks.
4. Cellular phones and any unauthorized materials are not allowed in the examination room.
5. Write your Examination Number on every page of your answer booklet(s).

SECTION A (40 Marks) : COMMUNICATION IN ENGLISH

Answer two (2) questions from this section. Question two (2) is compulsory.

1. (a) Define each of the following terms as used in Literature:

1. Genre
2. Dirge
3. Characters
4. Motif
5. Soliloquy

(b) Differentiate the following literary terms:

1. Rhyme and Rhythm.
2. Imagery and Symbolism.
3. Plot and Setting.
4. Assonance and Alliteration.
5. Poem and Poetry.

2. (a) Explain the roles which literature plays in the society.

(b) Compare and contrast spontaneous speech from non-spontaneous speech.

3. A play is regarded as an effective genre in educating and changing the society. Support this view by showing the factors which make a play effective.

SECTION B (20 Marks) : PLAYS

Answer one (1) question from this section.

List of readings:

• Betrayal in the City-   Francis Imbuga
• I Will Marry When I Want-   Ngugi wa Thiong’o & Ngugi wa Mirii
• The Bride-   Austin Bukenya
• Wanda Magere-   Okoiti Omtatah
• An Enemy of the People-   Henrik Ibsen
• Black Mamba-   John Ruganda

4. Using two plays you have read under this program show how characterisation blends with the plot. (Use four points from each reading).

5. Use four points from each of the two plays you have read under this program to illustrate how themes presented relate to real life experience.

SECTION C (20 Marks) : NOVELS AND SHORT STORIES

Answer one (1) question from this section.

List of readings:

• Encounters from Africa-   Macmillan Education Limited
• The Beautiful Ones are not Yet Born-   Ayi Kwei Armah
• A Man of the People-   Chinua Achebe
• Divine Providence-   Severin N. Ndunguru
• The Rape of the Pearl-   Magala Nyago
• Vanishing Shadows-   Namige Kayondo
• His Excellency the Head of State-   Danny Safo
• A Season of Waiting-   David Omowale

6. A novel is a fiction, a narrative writing based on social reality. Support this statement by making reference to any two novels you have read under this section. (Use eight points from each reading).

7. Show the effectiveness of symbolism in the two novels you have read under this section. (Use four points from each reading).

SECTION D (20 Marks) : POETRY

Answer one (1) question from this section.

List of readings:

• Selected Poems-   Institute of Education
• The Wonderful Surgeon and other Poems-   Charles Mloka

8. One of the duties of a poet is to make people aware of the realities around them. Use four poems you have studied under this program to justify this statement. (Use four points for each poem).

9. Read the following poem and answer the questions that follow:

You are Lost - By Isaac Mruma

To you dada It's the days that matter
For we are unable to chat
In the language we had 

When I look at you 
And see my pay - slip In your eyes 
I feel empty And sapped 
Your glance, sister,
is to me the measure of the heat of the dough
in my pocket 

Never are passions cool, to you 
I am now a tool and all my wage is now the fare 
I ride on your throbbing kisses 

It is you I accuse, 
because your love is lost 
With the tenderness that asks 
Where my wallet is. 

It is to you dada, That my pen tears the pad, 
For I only see your love 
Focused on my purse 
With your passions 
Chasing my bank account

Questions:

1. With examples, explain four poetic devices that have been used in the poem.
2. What is the tone of a poem?
3. Explain the message you get in this poem.
4. Comment on the diction of the poem.
5. Briefly explain the relevance of the poem to current Tanzanian way of life.